Recoil-operated firearm.



' Patented Nov. 4, |902. A. W. SCHWAHZLUSE.

RECOIL OPEBATED FIREARM.

(Application led Jan. 7, 1902.)

2 'Sheets-Sheet I.

{No Model.)

UNITED STATES PATENT FFIC. l

ANDREAS- wIrZHELM scHwAR'zLo'sE, oFsUHL, -GERMANY.:c`

ancoIL--ofiERA-'lilac g-'iRE'ARIvn srncrmonrxon forming part, of Letters APatent No. 712,730, categ' Nqnner 4,l 1 oca, Application filed J'snnary'7y1902'. Serial-No. 88,777. (No model.) I l I To alt whom it may concern.-

. Be it known that I, ANDREAS WILELMA SCHWARZLOSE, engineer, a citizen of the Kin gdom of Prussia, and 'a resident of'Suhl, Thnringia, Germany, (whose post-office addressis Y Bahnhofstrasse 54,) have invented certainv new and useful Improvements in Firearms with Sliding Barrel and l?1'eech'-Block',' ofv which the following is a specication.

The present invention rela es to a firearm in which the barrel as well as th'e breech-block are caused to` executea backward mtion when the powder charge of the exploded.

In the accompanying drawings the new invention is represented as embodied in a pistol.l

JFigure 1 shows a vertical section through thev weapon, the breech closed and ready for firing. Fig. 2 shows the same parts in their oo relative position when the breech mechanism is completely opened. Fig. 3 shows the buttend of the weapon as seen from above, the breech-blockbeingremoved. l Fig.,4=isafront view of the same.,l Fig. 5 sho s the barrel as e5 seen from the side and the rear end. Fig. 6 is v the catch for the magazine. i Fig. 7 is the dev'ice for securing the weapon,- andFig. 8 the Abreech-block. v

The weapon comprises a barrel'Z, a breech- 3o block c, and the casing k, containing inits Vcavity the magazine m, the trigger mechanism o., and the breech-casing h. p

The barrel Z, Fig. 5, slides by means of two ribs fr in corresponding grooves of the casing 3 5 lo, Figs. Sand 4. It is able to execute a short to-and-fro motion. The coiled spring f tends to hold it -always in its foremost position. It isl passed over a guide-bar s' and rests with the same in a groove .on the under side of the barrel in such a way as not to protrude over the liding surface. The fore end of the said spring abuts against the fore end of' said groove, and the'rear end bears against a shoulder of the guide-bar. t The guide-bar rests with its rear end against the trigger a. The rear end of the barrel has a concentric groove w, Figs. 2 and 5, the rear Wall of which forms the abutment for the bosses a' of the breechblock. The breech-block c has equal diameter with the rear end of the barrel, which it engages with its head, to which are fastened the aforesaid bosses a. The rear end of the left.

cartridge is l barrel is,for the purpose of allowing these Vbosses to enter, provided-with longitudinal groovesw', Figs.'2'and 5. The rear en d of 'the breec'h-'bloclcis guided by means of a ring fr', ixed to the rear end ofthe breech-casing, Figs. '1, 2, and 3. The shank b' of this ring engages gropve fn, Fig. 8,' of thebreechblock, saidgroove vhaving sch a form that the breech-block in beginning its back motion is forced t'o-execute a partial rotation to the The barrel. moving backward without turning, thisimotion of;` the breech-bl ck..r`e\ leases the bosses a'o the latter from t ebarrel. vThejdisk of :th striking-pin s, which rests in the longitudinal bore of the breechblock, has on its frontside-a curved surface, to which the inner face of the breech-block eactly corresponds. -By means of two fiat s rfaces the rear end of striking-pin is guided in the ring if' and prevented from rotating. In opening the breech-block and turning the same to the left the striking-pin is therefore pressed somewhat backward,- and its point is thereby Withdrawn behind thegfront of the breech block.- In consequence of this arrangement the Weapon may only be fired when the breech-block hasv been completely closed. A coiled spring f, passed over the firing-pin, presses the same toward the front end of the breech-block.

-The extractor at, forming a bent'- lever, is loosely inserted into aslot of the striking-pin s and is held in its position bfy its nose fo.` 'u `may execute a certain free motion in the slot of the striking-pin, Fig. 1, its'nose resting 'against the end-of the coiled spring, Figs. l

4and 2,!by which it is elastically pressed forward, at the same time depressing its other arm. J ust before the kbreech-block in opening the mechanism is removed from the barrel the fore end of the extractor u is pressed by the nose h upward, whereby the claw of the extractor is pressed into thegroove of the cartridge-shell. In completing the back motion it withdraws the shell from the barrel.

*e is the ejector, Figs. l, 2, and 3,.pivoting on pin n', Fig. 6, of the magazine cut-0E. This cut-off holds the uppermost cartridge of the magazine in such a position as not to intorfere with the motion of the breech-block. By means of an axle b it/is fastened in the body of the breech-frame. In the last part ICO of the backward motion of the breech-block the cut-olf is moved by a projection Z on the bolt, setting thereby the uppermost cartridge free, which is pressed by the magazine-spring intothe way of the breech-block. At the same time the ejector participating in the backward motion meets the shoulder o and is swung upward, thereby ejecting the empty block executesits backward and forward sliding motion for ejecting the empty cartridges and foi` introducing new ones. lIt has the form of a double-armed lever, pivoting on an axle b, inserted into the breech-frame, Fig. 3.- Just before the breech-blockseparates from the barrel the rear end'is depressed by means of the slanting surface of the boss 3o p, against which acts thefront face of the down, and t' sets the barrel free.

groove c' of the breech-block, Fig. 8, and the prong i of its front end thereby comes into the way of the barrel. The barrel is retained in its'rearmost position until the breech-block reaches the rear end ofthe barrel and p en-4 ters the recess c'` of the breech-block. Then the fore arm of the lever h is able to swing The spring f' now is able to bring the barrel and the greech -block back to the firing position,

ig. l.

In order to secure an exact cooperation of the barrel, the breech-block, and part h, the breech-block must during its forward motion `engage with its bosses a' the corresponding grooves ofthe barrel inthe moment when 'i sets the barrel free, whereas in opening the mechanism prong 1l has already moved upward `when the bosses af are withdrawn from the grooves of the barrel. For that purpose the straight part of the groove n, Figs. 2 and 8, is somewhat shorter than the way over which the breech-block moves alone. The breech-block is therebyrotated-a little before it comes into contact with the rear end of the barrel,and the bosses a' engage with the corresponding abutmentspw of the same, when the breech-block and the barrel being in contactthe prongt' sets the barrel free. v

For'limiting the motion of the barrel in both directions and for setting the weaponto rest the device d, Fig. 7, is provided, the axle of which passes across the breech-frame; is secured in its position by means of two projections d', the rear one of which serves as a trigger-nib, Fig. 3. One-half of said axle -em pty lthe spring f throws the striking-pin s forward and. againstf the bottom of the cartridge, thereby exploding the same. If, on

thecontrary, the lever is pressed into the 8o upper catch, the axle takes the position which is indicated in Fig. 1 in dotted lines. The trigger cannot be depressed, because the for-l .ward projection d'vabuts against the same,

and the trigger-bar cannot leave the rearward projection d'.

In charging, the magazine containing the fresh cartridges is pressed into the hollow breech-frame until the catch engages the corresponding notch pf the frame. Then the breech-block is caught by the ears projecting on both sides of the same, pulled backward, and released. It is thrown forward by the spring and at the saine time inserts the uppermost cartridge of the magazine into the barrel. The weapon is now ready for use. In pulling the trigger the striking-pin is set free and explodes the cartridge. The back pressure exerted by the explosion of thepowder charge causes the barrel, together with the locked breech-block, toslide a certain distance back on its' guides, the barrel thereby executing a straightline' motion, whereas the breech-block is at the same time turned a little to the left, thereby unlocking it from the barrel. The barrel in its backward motion compresses the spring f' and meets with its surface t the axle and is thereby stopped. The breech block now prosecutes its way alone in a straight line. The coiled spring f is thereby completely compressed, and the cartridge is withdrawn from the bar-y rel by the. prong of u and ejected by e. If the breech-block comes to a Arest, the compressed spring f pushes the same back to its initial position and the uppermost cartridge of the magazine is inserted into the barrel, the magazine cut-off s' retaining the next cartridge below the breech-block. The barrel has beforehand been pushed `forward a very small distance by the vspring f', when it is caught by the prong i. When the breechblock presses against the rear end ofthe barrel, prong 1I releases the barrel and both barrel Yand breech-block continue simultaneously ,their forward motionunder the influence of spring f At the same time the breech-block is forced by the groove n to execute a rotation to the right, whereby it interlocks with the barrel. In the last part of this forwardemotion fu, is caught by e rear end of the trigger, which the shooter as not yet released,

Ill

as the described actions take place in a very short space of time. If the trigger is now released, it is brought back to the normal position by means of spring f. Under the in- 'luence of the striking-spring u slides over the rear end of the trigger and is caught by d'. If the trigger is nowagain pulled, the striking-pin is set free and the described manipulations begin anew. The prong t' at the front end of the lever h is inclined, as shown, and the depending lug on the barrel is oppositely beveled, and as the barrel Ais moved this incline engages the incline of said prong,

and thus the front end of the lever is depressed.

I claim- 1. A firearm having a sliding breech-block and barrel, comprising a guide-rail arranged on the frame to guide the barrel and breechblock, the latter having a curved groove, a guide-ring for the breech-block, a pin onl the guide-ring to engage said groove, the extractor connected with the firing-pin, a catchspindley rotatably mopnted transversely of the barrel for securing thewveapon-Tsaspindle being disposed transversely of the barrel to coperate with the extractor constructed to limit the back and fore motion of the barrel and to serve at the same time as a scar-shoulder, as set forth.

2. In arearrmaslidingbarrelandabreechblockythe latter mounted to reciprocate and to partially rotate during its reciprocation, a cut-od for holding the uppermost cartridge of the magazine below the breech-block, a projecting nose on the breech block conl structed'to withdraw said cut-othe said cutoff having an obliquesurface, and a coacting part constructed to press the cut-oi upward against the breech-block, substantially as and for the purpose speciied.V

3. In a firearm, a sliding barrel, and a 'breech-block mountediorlongitudinalmovementand for partial rotary movement, means` for imparting such rotary movement to the vbreech-block, a cut-0E having a pin, and an ejector piveted onsaidspinmrntheguAt-g, the breech-block having a projection for actuat ing the cut-oi to free the uppermost cartridge, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I affix my signaturein presence of two witnesses. i

' ANDREAS WILHELM SCHWARZLOSE.

Witnesses:

ERNEST GUMPERT, MAX SCHUSTER. 

